What function does a "prologue" serve in a literary work?

A prologue serves as an introductory section of a literary work, primarily providing essential background information or context to the reader. This context can include details about the setting, the main conflict, or important themes that will be explored throughout the narrative. By effectively establishing the groundwork before the main action begins, the prologue helps the reader to understand the motivations of characters and the significance of events that will unfold later. This foundational information can enhance the reader's comprehension and engagement with the text as it progresses.

In contrast, introducing a new character late in the story or summarizing events that have occurred would not align with the typical purpose of a prologue. Additionally, concluding the story with final thoughts is a function that a prologue does not fulfill, as that would fall within the domain of an epilogue or the conclusion of a narrative.