How does irony function in literature?

Irony in literature operates by highlighting a discrepancy between what is expected to happen and what actually occurs, resulting in an impactful contrast. This contrast can elicit a variety of responses, including humor, surprise, or a deeper emotional resonance, depending on the context. For instance, when a situation unfolds in a way that is diametrically opposed to the anticipated result, it not only captivates readers but also prompts them to reconsider their assumptions about characters and events. This nuance in irony often contributes to themes within the narrative by revealing deeper truths about life and human nature, making it a powerful literary device that enhances the reader's experience. The ability to facilitate such contrasts distinguishes irony as a critical element in the fabric of storytelling, enriching the narrative’s complexity and emotional depth.